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CoTyroneIreland.com
Supporter Family Trees
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 1566 - 1643 (76 years)
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| Name |
Boyle, Richard |
| Prefix |
Sir |
| Nickname |
Great Earl of Cork |
| Born |
13 Oct 1566 |
Canterbury,Kent,England  |
| Gender |
Male |
| Died |
15 Sep 1643 |
| Buried |
St Patrick's Cathedral,Church of Ireland,Dublin,Ireland |
| Person ID |
I904 |
Wilkinson |
| Last Modified |
9 Jun 2019 |
| Father |
Boyle, Roger, b. 15 Oct 1524, Canterbury,Kent,England. , d. 24 Mar 1576, Preston-next-Faversham,Kent,England (Age 51 years) |
| Mother |
Naylor, Joan, b. 15 Oct 1529, Canterbury,Kent,England , d. 20 Mar 1586, Faversham,Kent,England (Age 56 years) |
| Family ID |
F831 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family 2 |
Fenton, Catherine, b. 1582, Lismore,Co. Cork,Munster,Ireland , d. 16 Feb 1629, Dublin,Co. Dublin,Leinster,Ireland (Age 47 years) |
| Married |
1603 |
Dublin,Leinster,Ireland. |
| Children |
| | 1. Boyle, Roger, b. 1 Aug 1606, Youghal,Cork,Ireland , d. 10 Oct 1615, Deptford,Kent,England (Age 9 years) |
| | 2. Boyle, Lady Alice, b. 1607, d. 1667 (Age 60 years) |
| | 3. Boyle, Lady Sarah, b. 1609, d. 1633 (Age 24 years) |
| | 4. Boyle, Lady Lettice, b. 1610, d. 1657 (Age 47 years) |
| | 5. Boyle, Lady Joan, b. 1611, d. 1657 (Age 46 years) |
| | 6. Boyle, Richard 1st Earl of Burlington, 2nd Earl of Cork, b. 20 Oct 1612, The College,Youghal , d. 6 Jan 1698 (Age 85 years) |
| | 7. Boyle, Lady Catherine, b. 1614, d. 1691 (Age 77 years) |
| | 8. Living |
| | 9. Living |
| | 10. Boyle, Lewis, b. 1619, d. 1642 (Age 23 years) |
| | 11. Boyle, Roger, b. 1621, d. 1679 (Age 58 years) |
| | 12. Living |
| | 13. Living |
| | 14. Boyle, Robert, b. 25 Jan 1627, Lismore Castle,County Waterford,Ireland , d. 31 Dec 1691, London,England (Age 64 years) |
| | 15. Living |
|
| Family ID |
F833 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
-
| Notes |
- 1st Earl of Cork.
1st Viscount of Dungarvan.
1st Baron Boule of Youghal.
Lord High Trasurer of Ireland.
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Boyle, Richard.
Adm. at CORPUS CHRISTI, 1583. S. of Roger,
of Faversham, Kent. B. at Canterbury, Oct. 3, 1566. Adm.
at the Middle Temple. Went to Ireland, 1588. Escheator
general, 1590. Knighted, 1603. Privy councillor for Munster,
1606; and for Ireland, 1612. Created Lord Boyle, 1616,
and Earl of Cork and Viscount Dungarvan, 1620. One of
the Lords Justices of Ireland, 1629 and Lord High Treasurer,
1631. Died Sept. 15, 1643. Buried at Youghal. Brother of
John (1582). ( D.N.B. ; Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, I. 78.)
http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/Documents/acad/intro.html
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BIOGRAPHY: Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 1st Earl of Cork.
Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork (13 October 1566 ? 15 September 1643), also known as the Great Earl of Cork, was Lord Treasurer of the Kingdom of Ireland.
Boyle was an important figure in the continuing English colonization of Ireland (commenced by the Normans) in the 16th and 17th centuries, as he acquired large tracts of land in plantations in Munster in southern Ireland. Moreover, his sons played an important role in fighting against Irish Catholic rebellion in the 1640s and '50s, assisting in the victory of the British and Protestant interest in Ireland.
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In Munster, during the peaceful early years of the 17th century, thousands more English and Welsh settlers arrived in the province. There were many small plantations in Munster in this period, as Irish lords were required to forfeit up to one third of their estates to get their deeds to the remainder recognised by the English authorities. The settlers became concentrated in towns along the south coast ? especially Youghal, Bandon, Kinsale and Cork city. Notable English Undertakers of the Munster Plantation include Walter Raleigh, Edmund Spenser, and Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. The latter especially made huge fortunes out of amassing Irish lands and developing them for industry and agriculture.
{https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantations_of_Ireland#}
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Background
Boyle was born at Canterbury 3 October 1566, the second son of Roger Boyle (d. 24 March 1576 at Preston, near Faversham in Kent), a descendant of an ancient landed Herefordshire family, and of Joan (born 15 October 1529 at Canterbury - died 20 March 1586), daughter of John Naylor, who were married in Canterbury on 16 October 1564. Both are interred in an Alabaster tomb in the upper end of the Chancel of the parish church of Preston.[1]
Young Boyle went to The King's School, Canterbury, at the same time as Christopher Marlowe. University education began at Bennet (Corpus Christi) College, Cambridge, England, in 1583.[2] After this he studied law at the Middle Temple in London and became a clerk to Sir Roger Manwood, Kt., who was then the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
Before completing his studies, Boyle decided "to gain learning, knowledge, and experience abroad in the world"[3] and left London for a new start in Ireland. He arrived in Dublin on 23 June 1588 with just over ?27 (?5,287 as of 2012),[4]as well as a gold bracelet worth ?10 (?1,958 as of 2012),[4], and a diamond ring (given to him by his mother at her death and which he wore all his life), besides some fine clothing, and his "rapier and dagger".[3]
In 1590 he obtained the appointment of deputy Escheator to John Crofton, the Escheator-General. On 6 November 1595, he married Joan Apsley, the daughter and co-heiress of William Apsley of Limerick, one of the council to the first President of the province of Munster.[3] This marriage brought Boyle an estate of ?500 a year (?73,435 as of 2012),[4], which he continued to receive until at least 1632.
Joan died at Moyallow on 14 December 1599 during childbirth (the son was still-born). Both were buried in Buttevant church, county Cork.
It is said by his detractors that unlike many of his other close relatives whom he took great care to commemorate, he took no trouble to have Joan commemorated after her death, leading to the conviction among some that his (in every sense) monumental commemorative endeavours were entirely practical (in terms of securing his personal objectives) rather than sentimental (her connections being of no direct use to him after her passing).
Political career
Boyle by this time had been the object of the attacks of Sir Henry Wallop, Treasurer at War, Sir Robert Gardiner, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, Sir Robert Dillon, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and Sir Richard Bingham, Chief Commissioner of Connaught, a demonstration, said Boyle, of their envy of his success and increasing prosperity.,[5]
Boyle was arrested on charges of fraud and collusion with the Spanish (essentially accusations of covert papist infiltration, a treasonable offence for an official in Queen Elizabeth I's Protestant civil service) in his office. He was thrown into prison (at least once by Sir William FitzWilliam in about 1592) several times during this episode. He was about to leave for England to justify himself to Queen Elizabeth, when there was a rebellion in Munster in October 1598, and "all my lands were wasted"[3] which once again returned him to poverty. The Nine Years War arrived in Munster with Irish rebels from Ulster, who were joined by locals who had lost land to English settlers. Boyle was forced to flee to Cork for safety.
This turn of events left him obliged to return to London and his chambers at The Temple. At this point he was almost immediately taken into the service of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex.
Henry Wallop then renewed his prosecution of Boyle. Boyle was summoned to appear at the Court of Star Chamber. In the proceedings, Boyle's adversaries seem to have failed to substantiate their accusations. Boyle had somehow managed to secure the attendance of Queen Elizabeth I herself at the proceedings, and he successfully exposed some misconduct on the part of his adversaries.
Elizabeth famously said: "By God's death, these are but inventions against the young man" and she also said he was "a man fit to be employed by ourselves".
He was immediately appointed clerk of the council of Munster by Elizabeth I in 1600. In December 1601, Boyle brought to Elizabeth the news of the victory near Kinsale.
In October 1602, Boyle was again sent over by Sir George Carew, the president of Munster, on Irish affairs. He was knighted at St Mary's Abbey, near Dublin, by Carew on 25 July 1603. It was also on this day that he married his second wife, Catherine, daughter of Sir Jeffrey Fenton, Principal Secretary of State, and Privy Councillor, in Ireland.[6]
Acquisition of rank, property and titles
He became a privy councillor for Munster in 1606, and in 1613 became a privy councillor for the whole of Ireland.
He claimed to have built the town of Bandon, but in fact the town was planned and built by Henry Beecher, John Archdeacon and William Newce.[7] The land on which Bandon was built was granted by Queen Elizabeth to Phane Beecher in 1586 and inherited by his eldest son Henry, who sold it to Boyle in November 1618.[8] In Bandon he founded iron-smelting and linen-weaving industries and brought in English settlers, many from Bristol.
He was returned as a Member of Parliament for Lismore (at a Parliament held in the Castle of Dublin) on 18 May 1614.
He ascended to the Irish Peerage as Lord Boyle, Baron of Youghal, 6 September 1616, and was created Earl of Cork and Viscount Dungarvan, 26 October 1620. On 26 October 1629 he was appointed as a Lord Justice, and on 9 November 1631 he became the Lord Treasurer of Ireland. Although he was not a Peer in the English Parliament, it is nonetheless recorded that he was "by writ called into the Upper House by His Majesty?s great grace", and he then took up the honoured position of an "assistant sitting on the inside of the Woolsack."
The town of Clonakilty [1] was formally founded in 1613 by Richard Boyle when he received a charter from King James I.
Oliver Cromwell is reported to have said of Richard Boyle 'If there had been an Earl of Cork in every province it would have been impossible for the Irish to have raised a rebellion.'
Boyle bought Sir Walter Raleigh's estates of 42,000 acres (170 km2) for ?1,500 (?232,180 as of 2012),[4] in the counties of Cork (including Lismore Castle), Waterford, and Tipperary and Youghal in 1602. He made these purchases on the insistence of Sir George Carew. Order on the Boyle estates was maintained by 13 castles which were garrisoned by retainers.
It is a mistake to see Boyle's 'empire' as merely being exclusively confined to the development of the 'Raleigh estates': for instance, his acquisition of the entirety of the town of Bandon was not completed until 1625.
Other towns which also form part of Boyle's municipal development legacy (which records employment of over 4,000 people during his lifetime) include Midleton, Castlemartyr, Charleville and Doneraile.
Richard Boyle had a substantial residence at Youghal, known today as "The College", close to the Collegiate Church of St Mary Youghal. Boyle occupied the office of Sheriff from 1625 to 1626. By 1636 Cork had opted to live in the West country to see out the rest of his days. Cork purchased from Lord Castlehaven for ?5,000 the manor of Stalbridge in Dorset, which became his English seat an in 1637 he laid out a further ?20,000 for Temple Coombe Manor Close by in Somerset. Cork at the insistence of the Howards also Bought Annery House near Bideford in 1640 for ?5000. The Earl was most delighted with Annery House and the living which came with the estate; he was also delighted that he could easily travel to Youghal from Bideford. Annery House was left to Francis Boyle, 1st Viscount Shannon on his father's death in 1643. Cork had also been left the manor of Saltcombe (Salcombe) in Devon by his friend Thomas Stafford the iligitamate son of George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes. Saltcombe, along with Halberton Manor was also left to Francis Boyle, Viscount Shannon and his wife Elizabeth Killigrew.
Boyle's adversaries
The Great Earl's most famous enemy was Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford. Strafford arrived in Ireland in 1633 as Lord Deputy, and at first successfully deprived Boyle of much of his privilege and income. Boyle patiently husbanded forces in opposition to Strafford?s Irish program and this successful political manoeuvering by Boyle was an important factor in Strafford?s demise.
An illuminating example of the humiliations to which Wentworth subjected Boyle, was the instance where he forced Boyle to remove his wife?s tomb from the choir in St Patrick?s at Dublin.
Archbishop William Laud delighted in Wentworth's attacks on Boyle and wrote: "No physic better than a vomit if it be given in time, and therefore you have taken a very judicious course to administer one so early to my Lord of Cork. I hope it will do him good?.
Laud and Wentworth shared, with King Charles I, the same fate as many others who at some time in his life, found reasons to conspire against Boyle: an early demise, with Boyle showing his customary astuteness by putting on a convincing show of politically appropriate response at every crucial juncture.
Boyle made an entry concerning Wentworth in his diary: ?A most cursed man to all Ireland and to me in particular.? It seems Boyle was someone whom you betrayed at your peril, no matter how safe your position might have seemed to be.
At Wentworth's trial, Boyle was a key witness, but he did not take any other direct part in the prosecution itself. Unsurprisingly, he was in full support of the condemnation of Wentworth and wholeheartedly approved of his execution, making a grim entry in his diary " he had his head struck off on Tower Hill, as he well deserved ".
From his children, Boyle expected obedience, although as an affectionate father he was more forgiving of opposition from them than from political enemies. Lady Mary, " my unruly daughter " angered her father by refusing to marry the Earl of Clanbrassil, and again by marrying the Earl of Warwick without his consent; but they were soon reconciled and he furnished a generous dowry.
Boyle died in 1643, having been chased off his lands in the Irish Rebellion of 1641. His sons, however, recovered the family estates after the suppression of the rebellion.
Boyle's "philosophical" legacy
Boyle has been described as the "first colonial millionaire".
Historian R. F. Foster, in his Modern Ireland calls him an 'epitome of Elizabethan adventurer-colonist in Ireland?,
The Boyle motto is: 'God's Providence is my inheritance'.
Rev. Alexander Leeper, Canon of St Patrick?s, in his Historical Handbook of St Patrick?s Cathedral, Dublin, says that Boyle spent ?700 on having an Irish translation of Gospel made, and sent 500 copies to Ireland.
Boyle's theopolitical philosophy has been described as 'providentialist' when contrasted with its counterpart which prevailed to the north in Ulster at the time, which, is more typically characterised as Presbyterian.
Notice how such a comparison of these two standpoints is neither exclusively religious nor secular, a factor which perhaps offers some small insight as to how Boyle managed to achieve what seems to us now the extraordinary feat of gaining strong favour at various times with the leaders on either side of the English Civil war.
Issue
By his second wife, Catherine n?e Fenton, the 1st Earl of Cork had the following issue:
Roger Boyle (1 August 1606, Youghal, County Cork, Ireland?10 October 1615, Deptford, Kent, England, where he was buried).
Lady Alice Boyle (1607?1667), married David Barry, 1st Earl of Barrymore, then after his death, married John Barry, of Liscarroll, co Cork, Ireland
Lady Sarah Boyle (1609?1633), married Sir Thomas Moore, then after his death married Robert Digby, 1st Baron Digby
Lady Lettice Boyle (1610?1657), married Colonel George Goring, Lord Goring
Lady Joan Boyle (1611?1657), married George FitzGerald, 16th Earl of Kildare ("the Fairy Earl")
Richard Boyle, 2nd Earl of Cork and 1st Earl of Burlington (1612?1698), Lord High Treasurer of Ireland (1660?1695).
Lady Catherine Boyle (1614?1691), married Arthur Jones, 2nd Viscount Ranelagh
Hon. Geoffrey Boyle
Lady Dorothy Boyle
Lewis Boyle, 1st Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky (1619?1642), succeeded under special remainder by his older brother Richard
Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery (1621?1679)
Francis Boyle, 1st Viscount Shannon
Lady Mary Boyle, married Charles Rich, 4th Earl of Warwick[9]
Hon. Robert Boyle (1627?1691), author of The Sceptical Chymist; considered to be the father of modern chemistry
Lady Margaret Boyle
Boyle erected an elaborate monument to himself, his wives, his mother and children in The Collegiate Church of St Mary Youghal, County Cork and there is a similar but much larger Boyle monument in St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.
Notes
^ Lodge, John, (Keeper of The Rolls), with Archdall, Mervyn, A.M., (member of the Royal Irish Academy), The Peerage of Ireland, Dublin, 1789: 150-1
^ Venn, J.; Venn, J. A., eds (1922?1958). "Boyle, Richard". Alumni Cantabrigienses (10 vols) (online ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ a b c d Lodge & Archdall, The Peerage of Ireland, 1789: 152
^ a b c d UK CPI inflation numbers based on data available from Lawrence H. Officer (2010) "What Were the UK Earnings and Prices Then?" MeasuringWorth.
^ Lodge & Archdall, The Peerage of Ireland, 1789: 153
^ Lodge & Archdall, The Peerage of Ireland, 1789: 156
^ p253 The Munster plantation: English migration to Southern Ireland, 1583-1641 By Michael MacCarthy-Morrogh, Oxford University Press, 1986
^ The Lismore Papers by Rev A Gosart, 1886, Vol 1 (Boyle papers)
^ "Rich, Mary". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885?1900.
References
Canny, Nicholas P., The Upstart Earl.
Townshend, D., The Life and Letters of the Great Earl of Cork, 1904.
George Bennett 'The History of Bandon'
Harris, A.L., 'The Funerary Monuments of Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork', Church Mons. 13 (1998), 70-86
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Boyle,_1st_Earl_of_Cork
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From Encycl Brit - Richard Boyle:
born Oct. 13, 1566, Canterbury, Kent, Eng.
died Sept. 15, 1643, Youghal, County Cork, Ire.
English colonizer of Munster (southwestern Ireland) who became one of
the most powerful landed and industrial magnates in 17th-century
Ireland.
Educated at the University of Cambridge, Boyle went to Ireland in 1588.
He became subescheator under Ireland's escheator general and used his
office to enrich himself, only to lose his property in the Munster
rebellion in 1598. Returning to England, he was imprisoned on charges
of embezzlement arising from his activities in Ireland. He was acquitted
by a royal court, however, and in 1600 Queen Elizabeth I appointed him
clerk of the council of Munster.
Two years later, Boyle bought Sir Walter Raleigh's estates in the
counties of Cork, Waterford, and Tipperary. By employing settlers
imported from England, he developed his lands and founded ironworks
and other industries. The enormous wealth he accumulated brought him
honours and political influence. Created Earl of Cork in 1620,he was
appointed a lord high justice in 1629 and lord high treasurer in 1631.
Nevertheless, soon after Sir Thomas Wentworth (afterward Earl of
Strafford) went to Ireland as lord deputy in 1633, Cork was fined heavily
for possessing defective titles to some of his estates. Thereafter his
political influence declined.
By his wife, Catherine, Cork had eight daughters and seven sons,
including the renowned chemist Robert Boyle and the statesman-
dramatist Roger, 1st Earl of Orrery.
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